Mod-2 Lec-3 Lateral Earth pressure Theories & Retaining Walls-3

Lecture Series on Foundation Engineering by Dr.Priti Maheshwari, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Roorkee. For more details on NPTEL visit nptel.iitm.ac.in

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Retaining Walls for Property Beautification

The dawn of the 21st century marked certain drastic changes within civil engineering. Time was a top priority on everybody's mind, therefore this radical change had to come in orderto cut short on work time and make the entire process much more cost effective. Presently, the construction industry makes use of innovative techniques and most crucially handy construction tools that literally make things far easy for engineers and workers that labor on site. However, it's not just industrial construction that has benefited from the advanced machineries. Private properties too are seen hiring construction services for home beautification. Topping charts are piling works that need to be done in order to install basic stuffs like laying of soft clay, installing poles, loosening sand etc. Besides, retaining walls too have become a common practice among households that look create personalized holding areas within home backyards.

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Precast Concrete Retaining Wall

A precast concrete retaining wall is normally used to retain earth or similar materials. It is also used to divide agricultural buildings such as a grain sheds or waste transfer stations to create storage bays.

Concrete retaining walls have gained in favour over in-situ concrete walls or timber walls and are very popular for civil engineering projects. They tend to be more economical, easier to install and more environmentally sound than other options. There are two main methods for fixing the retaining wall in place; embedding them into a concrete floor, or alternatively, using a ground fixing kit. The advantage of the latter solution is that the concrete retaining wall can be moved at a later date.

One of the most important things to consider when building a concrete retaining wall is the force at which the retained material is attempting to move forward and slide due to the force of gravity. This creates a lateral earth pressure behind the wall. Earth pressures will push the wall forward or overturn it if not properly looked at. Also, any groundwater behind the wall that is allowed to build up will cause an additional horizontal pressure on the wall. This problem can be solved by placing suitable drainage holes in the wall. While it can be an unwanted expense, getting a design from a structural engineer is very important and can save a lot of time and expense further down the line.

There are a range of products suitable for use as a concrete retaining wall. The most suitable product will depend on a number of factors including; the material retained, the height of the wall, site restrictions and budget. A few products that are worth considering; concrete panels (either used horizontally or vertically), L shape retaining wall units or concrete crib wall units. While the material costs can look expensive, after taking into account the savings in terms of installation, it often works out as the desired solution.

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